Commentaries

Mizmor 008, Verse 005

מָה־אֱנ֥וֹשׁ כִּֽי־תִזְכְּרֶ֑נּוּ וּבֶן־אָ֝דָ֗ם כִּ֣י תִפְקְדֶֽנּוּ

moʾenosh kiysizkerennu uven–ʾodom kiy sifkedennu

what is man that You have been mindful of him, what is the son of pure mankind that You have installed him in his earthly office?

MIDRASH TEHILLIM

1.....(8.7)
what is man that You have been mindful of him...
Rabbi Berechiah taught, as God was creating His universe, He thought to show the angels the excellence of the deeds of the righteous.
But the angels said to God, what is man that You are mindful of him? And the son of man that You remember him?
In saying, What is man that You are mindful of him, they were referring to Abraham, of whom it is said - God was mindful of Abraham (Bereshit - Genesis 19:29).
In saying, And the son of man that You remember him, they were referring to Izchok, who was begotten by God's remembering Sarah, as is said, And the LORD thought of Sarah (Bereshit - Genesis 21:1).

RADAK

1.
What is man, that You are mindful of him?
What is man! is the antithesis of How Excellent is Your Name! for the latter expression is intended to magnify, but this to depreciate. He says, When I consider Your heavens, the moon and the stars, great creations and intelligence as they are, (I exclaim) What is man ! that You do remember him and have imparted to him some of the glory of the higher incorporeal intelligence; for even in the case of those that are corporeal I see their great bodily size and relative superiority, and that man is as nothing compared with them.

Rabbi HIRSCH

1.
[אֱנוֹשׁ] (Enosh) man
denotes a tainted class in mankind. It signifies that human being who does not think of himself as a representative in the service of God on earth but who, instead, in false self-aggrandizement, sets himself up against God and the world. It is the man of violence.
The word ADAM denotes the pure man, the representative of God on earth whose task it is to bring to realization the moral purposes for which God has called the physical world into being.
2.
[זָכַר] (zakar) remember
“to store in one's memory”, as opposed “to forget".
When used with reference to God in His relationship to man, ZAKAR means, not to leave someone to his fate but to take an interest once more in his deliverance.
3.
[פְקַד] (paqad) to attend to, visit, muster, appoint
may be used with reference to the proper shaping of the fortunes of a person through God, but carries the definite connotation of installing someone into office, to appoint him for the performance of a task.
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“When I behold Your heavens, the uniform work of Your forming fingers, the moon and the stars that You have established in Your paths; who, then, is man, degenerate, violent, that You should remember him, and the son of pure mankind, that You appointed him as Your representative?”
All the pride and stubbornness of the type of man referred to as “Enosh” must wither away into oblivion, before the message coming down from the stars into the hearts of man, proclaiming God as the creator and originator, regulator and lawgiver. For what hope, what claim to hope can remain to him when he measures his own infinitesimal smallness against the vastness of the galaxies? Even these great shining worlds bow low to God as their creator and as their master Who has decreed and fixed their orbits, Who, as we express it when we look upon the New Moon, — “With His word has created the heavens and with the breath of His mouth all their host, Who appointed a law and a time for each one, so that none may shirk His mandate, that they may joyously and happily shine forth to fulfill the will of their creator.”
What hope, what claim to hope, remains to the “Enosh", then, if setting himself up against the LORD, Who is also his creator and master, he will live and work in God's world only as a “vengeful foe zealously guarding his own interests” instead of completing his stay on earth as a creature of God among other beings of His creation, as a child of God among God's other children?
And when egotism vanishes from the human heart in the face of the starry skies that proclaim God, how will his breast then swell, once freed from the shackles of self-adoration, once he will recognize that singular greatness and splendor awaiting him who serves and glorifies not himself but only God. What lofty emotions will overwhelm him who, beneath the starry skies, will come to understand that, just as “the Lord has called each star by its own name and set for it the paths in which it must travel”, so God has called him, too, by His own Name and charted out the ways in which he must walk. Then the name of the Lord, the concept of God, shall spell “confinement” and terror to the “Enosh” in his pride, but liberation, preservation and a source of joy undimmed to the heart of that man who shall have become conscious of being an “Adam” in the service of the LORD.
The “Enosh”, and with him “enmity and vengeance”, shall be buried under the starry sky that proclaims the greatness of God, while “Adam”, together with “brotherhood and self-sacrificing devotion” shall rejoice in his resurrection. For the “Adam” shall learn, the great and world redeeming mandate of duty, life's task as set him by the LORD. That man who has degenerated to the level of an “Enosh” knows only “his own rights” and regards as his duty only that which would aid him in the preservation and assertion of what he thinks are his rights. To him his own ego constitutes the basis of his rights and the goal of his duties. The man who has risen to the level of an “Adam”, however, knows only his duty and seeks justification of his desires and ambitions only within the framework of that which will aid him in carrying out his duty. To him, God is the source and the goal of his duty and the basis of his rights.

WORDS